
Legislative Law
by Robert Hedges ©
Each of the legislative bodies have specific responsibilities and authority. The states have been jealous of Federal power since 1776. Congress is limited to mandating legislation under the power of the US Constitution. Power reserved to the states must be regulated by the individual state legislatures.
" all presumptions will be indulged in favor of those for whose protection the enactment was made " Firestone Textile v Meadows, 666 SW2d 730, (KY 1984) Liebson. & Vance JJ
US Supreme Court Justice A. Scalia argues tirelessly that case by case, seat of the pants, jurisprudence turns judges into illicit legislators who substitute their policy preference for those of the people's democratically-elected officials. Judges, not all of whom have the "wisdom of Solomon", should apply general unvarying rules to every case. If a judge can add rights, they can also take them away. TIME 8 Jul 96 p.48
US Supreme Court Justice A. Scalia wrote a decision (1993) that said that prosecutors are not always immune . . if they take part in a false action . . .that is conspiracy and should be filed in a federal court under 42 usca1983,1985 and under 42 usca 1988 to collect fees...
"I believe there are more instances of abridgment of freedom of the people by gradual and silent encroachments of those in power than by violent and sudden usurpation's. . . " James Madison. Federalist Papers No. 46. a constant tendency of the states to encroach on the Federal authority . . . to oppress the weaker party. Madison
No man is good enough to govern another, without that other's consent. Abe Lincoln.
Time is the 101st Senator. He is the ally of those who want to do nothing. Sen Christopher Dodd.
The illegal we do immediately. . .The unconstitutional takes a little longer" Henry A. Kissinger
"The germ of dissolution of our federal government is in the constitution (makeup) of the federal judiciary; an irresponsible body, (for impeachment is scarcely a scare-crow,)". . . . . Thomas Jefferson, 1821.
"It is not the function of the government to keep the citizen from falling into error; it is the function of the citizen to keep the government from falling into error." - U.S. Supreme Court
"Government is not reason. It is not eloquence. It is force, like fire, a dangerous servant and a terrible master." - George Washington
The United States Supreme Court is not concerned with the wisdom, need or appropriateness of legislation. Whalen v Roe, 429 US 589, (1976)
. . . . what is good legislative policy for a state is not necessarily required by the constitution of the United States. . . Griffin v Ill, 351 US 12 at 28, (1955) dissent of Burton & Minton JJ.
If the act be within the power of the state it is valid, although the judgment of the court might be totally opposed to the enactment of such a law - Lochner v NY, 198 US 45, (1905) Peckham J
Representatives elected by the people to make their laws, rather than judges appointed to interpret those laws, can best determine those policies which govern people. SPRR v Arizona, 325 US 761, (1945)
Whether or not this be wise legislation, it is not the providence of the court to inquire under our system of government. The courts are not concerned with the wisdom or policy of legislation. Lichner v NY, 198 US 45, (1905) Harlan, White, Day JJ dissent
The Supreme Court is not primarily concerned with the correction of errors in the lower court decisions -An Address to the American Bar Association. 69 S Ct vi (1949) Vinson CJ
Men who make their way to the bench sometimes exhibit vanity,
irascibility, narrowness, arrogance and other weaknesses to
which
human flesh is heir. Most judges, however, recognize and
respect
courageous, forthright lawyerly conduct. Sacher v US, 343 US 1
at 6-12, (1951)
Oh Kings you owe your crown and writ to law, not nature's
dispensation; while you stand high above the nation, the
changeless law stands higher yet.
The principal of the sovereign no longer having the
right to expect allegiance from the subjects is exemplified by
the Huguenots in
France during the 16th century,
followed soon after by the Jesuits, who developed a very well
supported biblical treatise on rebellion against unjust
sovereigns.
judges are men, not disembodied spirits, who are blind to the
political reality around them - Frankfurter J; cited in "the
Role of the Supreme Court in a Democratic society, 54 Corn L
Rev
1 at 11 (1968) Wright.
The Kentucky Judicial Removal and
Retirement
Commission has been described as a toothless tiger. The KY
Legislature needs to establish legislatively that the Commission
has the duty and authority to examine acts of the Court of
Appeals, as well as the elected Judges in the various Circuits
and District Courts.
The Kentucky Legislature needs to pass a clear law comparable to
the recent Government Performance and
Results Act which mandates "result-based management
principles upon the Federal Government.
Opposing the "statute of frauds" is the well known California
tort case of Kim Bassinger's refusal to allow a novice movie
producer to use her name and star appeal to get his movie
financing, which "verbal contract" (by proxy, never reduced to
a
signed document) was worth a $7,000,000.00 jury ruling for
damages against the well known actress, resulting in her
bankruptcy. The "statute of frauds" was enacted in the
fifteenth
century to prevent just such ruin of landowners by just such
shady and ill conceived "quasi-agreements".
The land in Kentucky has production
potential which will never be realized unless the law
protects the young improver.
The American legislative process works to prevent the
translation
of popular wishes into governing rules. . . .The most
formidable
task usually is . . to organize the requisite support among
dispersed powers so as to form a coalition for its passage. The
relatively few laws that finally overcome the congressional
obstacle course generally illustrate the national political
branches operating at their majoritarian best. . .QUESTIONS
Puskin 1817
under construction
The KY Legislature also needs to
define the first and foremost duty of the Court of Appeals. This
duty is to correct (or affirm) the state Circuit Courts, so that
the law as written by the two law-giving bodies, the KY Supreme
Court and the Legislature, is enforced on the many Circuits.
The Court of Appeals should not exhaust itself and it's limited
resources in nit-picking with litigants, because such wastes of
time do not improve the quality of the applied law in the state.
Time spent establishing some small clique of Lawyers "admitted"
to practice law before the KY Court of Appeals" is time which is
taken from the citizens of KY, who have a right to expect the
Circuit Courts to be required to follow the one written KY Law.
We must have a Government of Law and not a Government of Men,
and
when the Court of Appeals fails in ONE
case to correct an errant Circuit Court, a Government of Men is
allowed to proliferate by the very Court which must be mandated
to never allow Government of MEN.
Applying this set of management principles as a mandate to the
KY
Court of Appeals matches the mood of the national voting public
as reflected by this new Congressional law.
The voters have a right to expect production from our Court of Appeals.
A state law will be one step toward accountability from a
governmental entity which has defied accountability prior to the
wisdom of Congress paving our way.
Kentucky needs to encourage
forestry production in the bluegrass region on unused
acres.
Kentucky needs a law to codify the common law principle that a
good-faith improver of land has a vested right to own that same
land and that the common law lien for the good-faith
improvements
protects the improver, dispite the old legal shield known as
the
"statute of frauds" which protects the landowner from foolish
agreements concerning real estate.
There is
an electronic revolution in progress today. KY has adopted the
use of cameras in court to record all events, and we can adopt
the latest technology in cases and filing also. Briefs filed on
computer floppy discs, are :
cheaper
lighter weight
and easier to read, as well as footnote, when the machine
language is html, and the browser (read-only) is Netscape.
Judges
could read in large print fonts, and use
easy-on-the-eye-colors. Encyclopedia Britannica has adopted
NetScape as it's official browser, for exactly the same purpose
as I suggest (amone others) for the Court system.
THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS needs to
consider :